You have to create an E-Poster on what you see as the future of nursing practice and the role of nursing in the emerging health-care environmen
Read Chapter 13
You have to create an E-Poster on what you see as the future of nursing practice and the role of nursing in the emerging health-care environment. You need to predict the future based on present evidence.
The E-Poster needs to include the following:
1. Introduction
2. Statement of the issue
3. Evidence supporting the issue
4. Prediction of the future role of the nurse
5. Conclusion
6. References: minimum of three references from peer-reviewed nursing journals (encourage the use of international journals). Articles need to be within the last 3 years unless historical.
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Evolution of Nursing as a Profession
Chapter 13
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Early Years
- Nursing occurred in the home
- Origin of hospitals
- Physician-directed care
- Differences in quality care
- Religious orders vs. city/community based institutions
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Nursing Defined
- Florence Nightingale
- Virginia Henderson
- Martha Rogers
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Modern Nursing Role
- Nurses are viewed as collaborative members of the health-care team.
- Nursing has emerged as a strong profession of its own.
- Nurses have a wide range of responsibilities and obligations.
- Recent polls demonstrate that nurses are considered the most trusted group of professionals.
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Early Nurse Leaders
- Florence Nightingale
- Lillian Wald
- Margaret Sanger
- Mary Eliza Mahoney
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Modern Nurse Leaders
- Mildred Montag
- Associate degree nursing programs
- Shift of nursing education from hospital-based environments to institutions of higher learning
- Virginia Henderson
- “Modern Florence Nightingale”
- Advocated for autonomy of nursing practice
- Proponent of publicly financed universally accessible health care
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21st Century
- Linda Aiken
- Research on nurse-patient ratios and patient safety
- Development of MAGNET hospitals
- Beverly Malone
- Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health
- Chief Executive Officer of the NLN
- Tim Porter-O’Grady
- Senior Partner of Tim Porter-O’Grady Associates
- Contributed to changes in practice and education
- Focus on health systems innovation
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Political Influences
- Nursing advances occurred during the time of social upheaval and change.
- Strengthening of public health nursing services
- Amendments to the Social Security Act that created Medicare and Medicaid
- Development of health insurance companies
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Political Influences (cont’d)
- Civil Rights Act
- Guaranteed equal treatment for all individuals
- Prohibited gender discrimination in the workplace
- Law lacked enforcement
- Feminist Movement
- National Organization of Women
- Development of nursing specialty disciplines
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Nursing in Times of War
- Wars created situations facilitating changes in nursing practice.
- Increase in the need for nurses
- Enhanced public awareness of nursing’s role within society
- Korean War changed nursing practice.
- Nurses on the front line
- Nurses worked in mobile hospital units.
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Vietnam War
- Nurses were pushed beyond boundaries.
- They functioned in mobile hospital units.
- They worked without direct supervision of physicians.
- They performed emergency procedures.
- This created feelings of restriction and unrest when they returned home and had to practice under limitations.
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Technology
- Technology permitted the wide use of life support systems.
- Nurses face ethical dilemmas involving the use of technology.
- Nurses are active in formulating policies that address ethical issues.
- There is renewed interest and support for Hospice nursing.
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Nursing and the Early 21st Century
- Nurses and the World Trade Center disaster
- Raised multiple questions regarding nursing’s ability to react and respond to major disasters
- Hurricane Katrina
- Damages to hospitals
- Practicing under unfamiliar and unusual situations
- Increased disaster preparedness for nurses
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Nursing and Health-Care Reform
- Nightingale and Wald both demonstrated nursing’s commitment to health-care reform.
- Interventions and outcomes research
- School nursing
- Health promotion/disease prevention
- Sanger
- Women’s health initiatives
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21st Century
- The 21st century brings challenges and opportunities.
- It is estimated that 434,000 nurses will be needed by the year 2020.
- The nursing shortage has increased the demand for nurses.
- The Affordable Health Care Act offers opportunities for nurses to take the lead.
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Nursing and Health Care in the Future
- Increased demand for primary health-care providers
- Nurses should be permitted to practice to the full extent of their education.
- Greater need for advanced practice nurses
- Report from the IOM and Future of Nursing
- Advocating for BSN education
- Promoting educational mobility
- Increase in diversity of nursing workforce
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Conclusion
- Higher demand for safe, quality, and effective nursing care
- Move toward population/community-based care
- Nurses need to become politically active.
- Nurses need to join nursing organizations that promote quality care.
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